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Additionally, the investment threshold is significantly lower under the single strategy than it is under the continuous strategy. Therefore, direct investment in future energy storage technologies is the best choice when new technologies are already available.
Under the continuous investment strategy, the firm can invest in two energy storage technologies sequentially, and each state is subject to policy uncertainty. Fig. 4 indicates the different states of the continuous investment strategy and the corresponding value functions under policy uncertainty.
The primary conclusions are summarized as follows: The frequency of policy adjustments and the magnitude of subsidy adjustments have different levels of impact on energy storage technology investments. The adverse effect of the subsidy adjustments magnitude is much more significant than the impact of the policy adjustments frequency.
Therefore, increasing the technology innovation level, as indicated by unit benefit coefficient, can promote energy storage technology investment. On the other hand, reducing the unit investment cost can mainly increase the investment opportunity value.
Subsidy policies for energy storage technologies are adjusted according to changes in market competition, technological progress, and other factors; thus, energy storage subsidy policies are uncertain. In this section, the investment decision of energy storage technology with different investment strategies under an uncertain policy is studied.
By solving for the investment threshold and investment opportunity value under various uncertainties and different strategies, the optimal investment scheme can be obtained. Finally, to verify the validity of the model, it is applied to investment decisions for energy storage participation in China's peaking auxiliary service market.
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