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The sulfur-carbonaceous composite positive electrodes are the widely used positive electrodes in sodium-sulfur batteries. The different carbonaceous matrices have different advantages. The macropores can make sure the excellent contact between electrolytes and active materials. The micropores are easily fixed with active materials.
The battery using sodium sulfide (Na 2 S) as the active material in the positive electrode starts with charging, which facilitates the use of various materials for the negative electrode, including carbon materials and Sn materials without carrier ions.
All-solid-state sodium-sulfur (Na/S) batteries comprise a sulfur active material in the positive electrode layer and sodium metal in the negative electrode layer and have a high energy density owing to the large theoretical capacity of sulfur (1672 mAh g −1) [ 3, 4 ].
Coupling these materials with S electrodes delivers high theoretical specific energy, such as 1682 Wh kg −1 for Mg||S batteries and 1802 Wh kg −1 for Ca||S batteries at room temperature 3, 4. In Na/K||S batteries, the shuttle effect leads to low sulfur-based electrode utilization and inadequate cell Coulombic efficiency (CE).
Moreover, since sodium metal has the highest specific capacity of 1166 mAh g −1 (in the charged state) and the lowest potential of all sodium-based anodes of −2.71 V in comparison to standard hydrogen electrodes, it complies the commercial requirement of high energy density.
The novel positive electrode material developed in this study will contribute to the development of all-solid-state Na/S batteries. Yushi Fujita: Conceptualization, Methodology, Investigation, Writing – original draft. Akira Nasu: Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing. Atsushi Sakuda: Supervision, Writing – review & editing.
Optimization of electrode materials and investigation of mechanisms are essential to achieve high energy density and long-term cycling stability of Na–S(Se) batteries. Herein, …
All-solid-state sodium-sulfur (Na/S) batteries are promising next-generation batteries with high safety and high energy density. Sodium sulfide (Na 2 S) has application as …
This review introduces the development and recent progress of different types of solid-state electrolyte for sodium batteries, including β-alumina, NASICON, sulfide-based electrolyte, …
Integration of the AC-CNF coating to the Na-Nafion enhances the utilization of the sulfur active material of the battery and alleviates the polysulfide diffusion and provides an …
A new class of selenium and selenium–sulfur (SexSy)-based cathode materials for room temperature lithium and sodium batteries is reported. The structural mechanisms for …
Optimization of electrode materials and investigation of mechanisms are essential to achieve high energy density and long-term cycling stability of Na–S(Se) batteries. Herein, …
Metal-sulfur batteries seem to be a good substitute/replacement for existing high cost lithium-ion batteries because such cells have a two-electron-redox process to obtain high …
In this part, we will review the latest positive electrode materials for Na/S battery like sulfur-carbonaceous composite, covalent sulfur based carbonaceous materials, sulfurized …
The need for economical and sustainable energy storage drives battery research today. While Li-ion batteries are the most mature technology, scalable electrochemical energy storage …
Such a design improves the solid-state electrode/electrolyte contact as effective as the electrode/liquid electrolyte, provides effective ion exchange and minimizes the stress caused by the dimensional change of …
Among the various battery systems, room-temperature sodium sulfur (RT-Na/S) batteries have been regarded as one of the most promising candidates with excellent performance-to-price ratios. Sodium (Na) element accounts for …
Sodium-sulfur batteries show potential as attractive alternatives to Li-ion batteries due to their high energy density but practicality is hampered by sodium polysulfide …
P2-Na 2/3 [Fe 1/2 Mn 1/2]O 2 is a promising high energy density cathode material for rechargeable sodium-ion batteries, but its poor long-term stability in the operating voltage …
This bilateral SEI strategy has been employed to prevent polysulfide shuttle and dendrite growth in lithium-sulfur batteries. Sodium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (NaTFSI) …
Such a Na anode exhibits a superior cycle life of >2000 h with an extremely low overpotential of only 13.5 mV and a high coulombic efficiency of 99%. A full cell assembled with this anode …
Nickel, known for its high energy density, plays a crucial role in positive electrodes, allowing batteries to store more energy and enabling longer travel ranges between …
Such a design improves the solid-state electrode/electrolyte contact as effective as the electrode/liquid electrolyte, provides effective ion exchange and minimizes the stress …