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The basic requirement for capacitor voltage balancing methods is to ensure that all of the capacitor voltages are stable near the rated value and that the fluctuation range is within the allowable range. Existing capacitor voltage balancing methods can be divided into two categories .
This work addresses that problem using a novel capacitor voltage sensing and balancing technique. Using two control loops one for finding the direction of the arm current and the other for balancing of capacitor voltage with a low-complexity algorithm, the capacitor voltage will be well balanced.
The submodule capacitor voltage is typically balanced by the conventional sorting approach, but the proposed method adds the feature that the balancing of capacitor voltage is continued till the MMC output voltage matches the required terminal voltage of the high voltage DC (HVDC) line.
Conventional capacitor voltage balancing methods are based on capacitor voltage sorting algorithms. In this work, a novel sensing and balancing (SAB) method for capacitor voltage balancing and circulating current reduction has been introduced.
The SM capacitor voltages remain stable. Although the capacitor voltages have been somewhat dispersed with an increase in Δ Nref, the overall voltage fluctuation amplitude is not significantly increased, which indicates that the proposed method can still ensure an excellent voltage balancing effect while reducing the device switching frequency.
The Fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis of the grid voltage has shown that the THD has reduced by 13% by using the proposed method. This paper presents a novel capacitor voltage balancing method in which submodule capacitor voltages can be efficiently balanced without much system complexity and computational effort.
Submodule (SM) capacitor is a key component in a modular multilevel converter (MMC), the selection of which must consider the component''s specifications and the …
This letter proposes a currentless sorting and selection (SAS)-based capacitor-voltage-balancing method for modular multilevel converters. Without the knowledge of arm …
Artificial Intelligence and Heuristics for Smart Energy Efficiency in Smart Cities ... New method is suggested in this work to optimally determine the placement and dimensions …
where S is the total cost ($/year), K P is the annual cost per unit of power loss ($/kW-year), K C is the total capacitor purchase and installation cost ($/kVAR), ( …
To maintain capacitor voltage balancing in SHEPWM, the most commonly-used voltage-balancing strategy is module selection method that selects the capacitor of the …
filter capacitor in this role. The current pulses charging the capacitor when the diode(s) are forward-biased are generally much briefer than the time the capacitor is discharging into the …
The new capacitance-selection method can be applicable to the MMC not having a circular operating region. In addition, this paper found that the capacitor voltage and …
this value, the capacitor is put in. The default value is 1.00 08 The first path capacity 0-40 kvar Note the actual capacity of the first capacitor in the smart capacitor: =0 indicates no capacitor. …
The new capacitance-selection method can be applicable to the MMC not having a circular operating region. In addition, this paper found that the capacitor voltage and …
The proposed method allows electrolytic capacitors to be characterised in any operating condition and requires only the measurement of the voltage and current waveforms …
To maintain capacitor voltage balancing in SHEPWM, the most commonly-used voltage-balancing strategy is module selection method that selects the capacitor of the …
The intelligent capacitor can be used by a single unit or multiple units on line. It can replace the conventional automatic reactive power compensation device composed of smart control device, fuse, composite …
A reliable method to select capacitors for a modular multilevel converter (MMC) is proposed in this paper. Based on the ageing mechanisms of the metallized polypropylene …
This letter proposes a currentless sorting and selection (SAS)-based capacitor-voltage-balancing method for modular multilevel converters. Without the knowledge of arm …
To obtain an optimal value for the capacitor, this paper utilizes a bio-inspired optimization method called smart bacterial foraging algorithm (SBFA). SBFA is modeled based …
In this paper, an improved capacitor voltage balancing method based on the algorithm SELECT was proposed to solve the problems of the huge calculation requirements …
This paper proposes parallel dual tabu search (PDTS) for capacitor placement in smart grids. The proposed method makes use of the dual code of the initial vale to make …
To obtain an optimal value for the capacitor, this paper utilizes a bio-inspired optimization method called smart bacterial foraging algorithm (SBFA). SBFA is modeled based …
A comprehensive analysis is carried out to prove the dependence of capacitor value on MPPT performance under irradiation and temperature variation. The analysis also …
Modular multilevel converters (MMCs) are powerful tools of the future for high- and medium-power applications. The system is composed of cascaded connections of …
In a circuit containing capacitors and inductors, if the capacitors and inductors are connected in parallel, it may happen that in a very short period of time: the voltage of the …
Capacitor Selection for Switch Mode Power Supply Applications . 1. Introduction . Faced with the availability of multiple capacitor options for use in high reliability SMPS applications, engineers …