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What happens when a power supply is applied to an external circuit?

When this power supply model is applied to an external circuit, then the circuit current also flows through the internal resistance. This produces an internal voltage drop inside the power supply, which therefore reduces the voltage across the power supply terminals.

How does a power supply work?

One way of doing this is by representing the power supply as a perfect voltage source, (an e.m.f.) in series with an internal resistance. When this power supply model is applied to an external circuit, then the circuit current also flows through the internal resistance.

What happens if a power supply is not connected to a circuit?

When the power supply is not connected to a circuit, there will be no current flowing, therefore: V = E - 0 x r . V = E . i.e. the e.m.f voltage, is equal to the open circuit terminal voltage of the power supply. The internal resistance can be determined, by connecting a circuit of known resistance and measuring the current that flows.

How does a power supply reduce voltage?

This produces an internal voltage drop inside the power supply, which therefore reduces the voltage across the power supply terminals. The power dissipated by the internal resistance, represents the heat generated in the power supply. This is illustrated in the animation below.

How do you model a power supply?

To model any real power supply, we just have to determine the correct values of E and r to use. When the power supply is not connected to a circuit, there will be no current flowing, therefore: V = E - 0 x r . V = E . i.e. the e.m.f voltage, is equal to the open circuit terminal voltage of the power supply.

How much battery do you need for a camping trip?

As a general rule of thumb, for an overnight camping trip where you need to charge small devices, a 25 to 30Wh charger is enough. However, if you intend to use bigger items such as DSLR cameras or fans, a battery capacity of about 200 to 300Wh is enough.

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One way of doing this is by representing the power supply as a perfect voltage source, (an …

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One way of doing this is by representing the power supply as a perfect voltage source, (an e.m.f.) in series with an internal resistance. When this power supply model is applied to an external …