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Are sodium ion batteries a viable alternative to lithium?

Sodium-ion batteries unveiled by Swedish group Northvolt last month completely avoid the need for critical minerals such as lithium. This is currently the only viable battery chemistry that does not contain lithium.

Which country produces the most lithium-ion batteries?

China produces three-quarters of all lithium-ion batteries, a result of Beijing's early push towards electrification, particularly through subsidising EVs. Northvolt, backed by Volkswagen, BlackRock and Goldman Sachs, is Europe's only major homegrown electric battery manufacturer.

Is sodium cheaper than lithium?

Sodium can also be produced synthetically. Northvolt notes that its sodium-ion batteries would be about a quarter cheaper than the lithium batteries used in energy storage. That said, falling lithium prices have now made cheaper sodium less attractive.

Are lithium batteries a reliable benchmark?

The Swedish group believes the price of lithium is an unreliable benchmark owing to the constant price fluctuation. Carlsson said he thought sodium-ion batteries would be about a quarter cheaper than the lithium batteries typically used in energy storage, which are themselves cheaper than those used in electric cars.

Is LFP a good alternative to lithium-ion batteries?

In comparison to lithium-ion batteries, Elinor Batteries will focus on stationary energy storage (not cars) and Långe says that the energy density of LFP is competitive for the relevant use cases, especially compared to some non-lithium-based battery technologies.

What is a lithium ion battery?

While battery composition can vary, they generally rely on the same set of materials. Lithium-ion batteries for EVs are either nickel-based - using lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (NMC) and nickel cobalt aluminium oxide (NCA) or lithium iron phosphate (LFP).

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This battery chemistry has the dual advantage of relying on lower cost materials than Li-ion, leading to cheaper batteries, and of completely avoiding the need for critical minerals. It is currently the only viable chemistry that does not contain …

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The Swedish battery maker emphasised that the cells will be free from lithium, nickel, cobalt and graphite. Northvolt said its battery would also be safer and more cost-effective than ...

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